Showing posts with label hospitals. Show all posts
Showing posts with label hospitals. Show all posts

Tuesday, February 23, 2016

Nosocomial MERS outbreak shows more ‘intense transmission’ of disease.

An investigation of a large outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome, or MERS, coronavirus at a hospital in Saudi Arabia revealed a more “intense transmission” of the infection than previously recorded in other outbreaks. “Since the first diagnosis of [MERS] … in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012, sporadic cases and clusters have occurred throughout the country,” the researchers said. “This large MERS outbreak in a major tertiary-care hospital in Riyadh was thought to be related to emergency department overcrowding, uncontrolled patient movement and high visitor traffic. The outbreak required institution of multiple measures to interrupt transmission, including almost complete shutdown of the hospital.” A man aged 67 years was admitted to the 1,200-bed hospital in June 2015 with a history of fever and cough. Despite no identified exposure to camels, reverse transcription PCR of a nasopharyngeal swab revealed the presence of MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The patient died 31 days after admittance, and had no identified contact with any subsequent cases. Three weeks after the index patient was admitted to care, a second case of MERS was confirmed. After the hospital’s infection control program initiated an outbreak investigation to identify risk factors and exposures, 81 confirmed and 49 probable cases of MERS were identified at the hospital over approximately 2 months. One-third of these cases occurred among health care workers (HCWs), and the majority of all cases were linked to the hospital’s ED. Nearly three-quarters of patients required hospitalization, 16% were asymptomatic and 53% died. During the outbreak, the hospital initiated a pre-existing Infectious Disease Epidemic Plan developed from CDC and WHO guidelines. Despite strict enforcement of infection control practices, including hand hygiene and isolation of cases, more patients and HCWs continued to be infected, leading the hospital to close its ED, postpone elective surgical procedures and suspend all outpatient appointments and visits. These measures were associated with a rapid decline in new cases, and eventually led to the outbreak’s conclusion. culled from healio.com

Sunday, September 27, 2015

INVESTING IN POULTRY VALUE CHAIN.

Production overview of the poultry-value chain. The value chain encompasses the following poultry species; cockerel, layers , turkeys and broilers. The emphasis of this project is on intensive broiler production because of the rapid return on investment. The advantages of this venture are as follows; 1) Production span is 42-days. 2) Low capital investment. 3) Large market. 4) High turn-over of investment. The broiler production is a profitable venture that is not labour intensive; also the cost of medication is limited because of the length of production. This is also an added advantage as it will further reduce overhead costs and the benefits of this venture are tapped faster than in other poultry species. The processing aspect will involve machines that work at high capacity to process birds in large numbers within a short time. The venture will also promote partnership with other producers, who can use the facility at a fee. This will also be another point of wealth generation, as the cost of the machines will be recovered within a short time. Investors in this value-chain have the rapid return on investment as an advantage because financial institutions have short-term loans that will benefit them.

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